Stories and Hidden Legacies Where History and Legend Converge Castles and palaces stand as silent witnesses to centuries of human triumph, struggle, and ingenuity. Their grand halls and stone walls are not just architectural marvels but vessels of countless untold stories that have shaped civilizations. The Stories and Hidden Legacies Project , an initiative by the International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS), is dedicated to uncovering the layers of history, myth, and legend embedded within these historic structures. By exploring the social, political, and cultural roles of castles and palaces, the project sheds light on their enduring significance and influence on human history. The Power of Stories in Castles and Palaces Throughout history, castles and palaces have been more than residences or fortresses; they have been the epicentres of power, culture, and human drama. These structures have witnessed pivotal moments that changed the course of nations, harboured figures of great influence, and become the settings for tales of love, betrayal, heroism, and tragedy. Historical Narratives Castles were often constructed as strongholds, standing as symbols of authority and protection. For instance, the Tower of London  has seen everything from royal coronations to infamous executions, making it a microcosm of England’s tumultuous history. Palaces like Versailles  were designed not only to showcase grandeur but also to consolidate political power, influencing the social and cultural fabric of their time. Myths and Legends Many castles are steeped in legends that have captivated imaginations for centuries. The story of King Arthur and Camelot , linked to various castles in Britain, combines myth with the aspirations of medieval chivalry. Spain’s Alhambra , known for its stunning architecture, also carries tales of hidden treasures and the last stand of the Nasrid dynasty. Social and Cultural Roles Castles and palaces were also centres of art, music, and intellectual exchange, fostering the cultural development of their societies. They hosted feasts, festivals, and ceremonies that defined the social order and reinforced traditions. Objectives of the Stories and Hidden Legacies Project The project seeks to unearth these multifaceted stories, connecting the past to the present and inspiring future generations. Its core objectives include: Uncovering Untold Histories Many castles and palaces harbour hidden legacies that remain undocumented or overshadowed by more well-known narratives. Through rigorous research and collaboration with historians, archaeologists, and cultural experts, the project aims to bring these lesser-known stories to light. Highlighting Cultural Significance By delving into the cultural impact of these structures, the project emphasizes their role in shaping human identity and values. The stories of how societies lived, celebrated, and mourned within these walls provide a deeper understanding of the human experience. Promoting Heritage Preservation Sharing the captivating stories of castles and palaces fosters a greater appreciation for their preservation. It underscores the importance of protecting these sites as living records of human history. Engaging and Educating the Public The project aims to make these stories accessible and engaging through exhibitions, publications, and digital platforms. By presenting history in a storytelling format, it captures the imagination of a broader audience, encouraging public interest in heritage conservation. Key Features of the Project The Stories and Hidden Legacies Project  employs various methods and programs to achieve its objectives: Comprehensive Historical Research The project conducts in-depth studies to document the historical events and figures associated with each castle and palace. Archival research, oral histories, and archaeological findings are combined to create detailed narratives. Exploration of Myths and Folklore Collaborations with folklorists and cultural historians help decipher the myths and legends associated with these sites. These stories are analyzed for their cultural and historical relevance, providing a richer understanding of the societies that created them. Interactive Digital Storytelling Advanced technologies like virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) allow visitors to experience the stories of castles and palaces in immersive ways. Digital platforms showcase interactive timelines, character profiles, and re-creations of historical events. Publications and Documentaries The project produces books, articles, and documentaries that explore the fascinating tales of castles and palaces. These publications aim to bridge the gap between academic research and public interest. Educational Programs and Workshops Schools and universities are engaged through educational programs that use storytelling to teach history and cultural studies. Workshops for writers and historians encourage creative interpretations of these stories, breathing new life into historical narratives. Community Engagement Local communities are invited to share their knowledge and traditions related to castles and palaces in their regions. This collaborative approach ensures a more inclusive representation of these sites’ histories. Notable Stories and Hidden Legacies The project has already unearthed several remarkable stories that demonstrate the diversity and depth of these sites’ legacies: The Ghost of Anne Boleyn at Hever Castle Hever Castle in England, the childhood home of Anne Boleyn, is steeped in tales of her tragic life and death. The project explores her legacy and the folklore that keeps her story alive. The Mysteries of Neuschwanstein Castle Germany’s Neuschwanstein Castle, known as the inspiration for Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle, carries the enigmatic story of King Ludwig II’s life and mysterious death. The project examines how the castle reflects the king’s vision of art, culture, and escapism. The Fall of Granada and the Alhambra The Alhambra’s role in the final moments of the Reconquista and its legacy as a symbol of cultural convergence between Islam and Christianity are explored in depth. Challenges and Opportunities While the Stories and Hidden Legacies Project  offers immense potential, it also faces challenges: Fragmented Histories Many stories are incomplete or lost, requiring innovative research methods to piece together fragmented narratives. Balancing Fact and Fiction Myths and legends often blend with historical facts, making it challenging to separate the two without diminishing the cultural value of these stories. Engaging Modern Audiences Capturing the interest of contemporary audiences requires creative and relatable storytelling techniques. Despite these challenges, the project presents numerous opportunities to connect people with history. By emphasizing storytelling, it bridges the gap between academia and the public, ensuring that these legacies remain relevant and engaging. Conclusion: Inspiring Generations Through Stories The Stories and Hidden Legacies Project  is a celebration of the human spirit, ingenuity, and creativity reflected in castles and palaces. By uncovering and sharing their stories, the project deepens our understanding of history and reminds us of the shared heritage that unites us. Through research, education, and engagement, it ensures that these tales continue to inspire future generations, fostering a global appreciation for the cultural significance of castles and palaces. As history and legend converge, the stories of castles and palaces transcend time, inviting us to reflect on the past, cherish the present, and preserve the future.   Publication and dissemination of this article, including translations, require prior written consent. Don't hesitate to get in touch with  contacts@icaps.site

Spanish Castles and Palaces Exploring Spain’s Majestic Heritage Spain is a land of timeless beauty, steeped in history, art, and culture. Among its most iconic treasures are its castles and palaces, which stand as enduring symbols of its rich and diverse past. The Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative , spearheaded by the International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS), is a comprehensive project dedicated to exploring, preserving, and celebrating the cultural, historical, and political significance of these architectural marvels. From medieval fortresses that once defended kingdoms to royal palaces that symbolize grandeur and power, this initiative seeks to ensure Spain's monumental legacy is appreciated and protected for generations to come. The Majesty of Spain’s Castles and Palaces Spain’s castles and palaces are as varied as the regions they inhabit. The country boasts an extraordinary collection of architectural gems, each reflecting the unique influences of its geographical location, cultural exchanges, and historical periods. From the Moorish elegance of the Alhambra in Granada  to the medieval strength of the Alcázar of Segovia , and the regal splendour of Madrid’s Royal Palace , these structures tell the story of Spain’s evolution as a nation. Diverse Architectural Styles Spain’s castles and palaces showcase a fusion of architectural styles, including Romanesque, Gothic, Mudéjar, Renaissance, and Baroque. Moorish influence is particularly evident, with features such as intricate geometric designs, horseshoe arches, and courtyards. Later periods introduced Renaissance and Baroque opulence, reflecting Spain’s rise as a global power. Historical Significance Castles like Castillo de Belmonte  and Castillo de Peñafiel  served as defensive strongholds during the Reconquista, a pivotal era in Spanish history. Royal palaces such as the Alcázar of Seville  highlight Spain’s role as a centre of political power and cultural convergence. Cultural Importance These landmarks are not merely relics of the past but active symbols of Spain’s cultural identity. They serve as venues for cultural events, festivals, and historical reenactments, fostering a living connection with history. Project Objectives: Preserving a Legacy The Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative  aims to ensure the protection and promotion of these landmarks by focusing on three core pillars: conservation , education , and public engagement . Conservation and Restoration One of the primary goals is to safeguard these structures from threats such as environmental degradation, urbanization, and neglect. ICAPS collaborates with heritage organizations, conservation experts, and local authorities to implement sustainable restoration techniques. Renewable materials, advanced structural analysis, and eco-friendly practices ensure that preservation efforts respect the original design while adapting to modern needs. Education and Research The project emphasizes the importance of education in fostering appreciation for Spain’s castles and palaces. Research initiatives delve into the history, architecture, and cultural impact of these landmarks, uncovering stories that enrich our understanding of Spain’s heritage. Educational programs for schools and universities aim to inspire young minds and cultivate future stewards of cultural heritage. Public Engagement and Tourism By making Spain’s castles and palaces accessible to a wider audience, the project seeks to promote tourism and local economic development. Digital mapping and virtual tours allow visitors from around the world to experience these landmarks remotely. On-site experiences, including guided tours and interactive exhibitions, enhance public engagement and deepen connections to the past. Key Initiatives To achieve its objectives, the Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative  incorporates several innovative programs and activities: Historical Research and Documentation A dedicated team of historians, archaeologists, and architects conducts extensive research to document the history and significance of each site. Detailed records, including architectural drawings, photographs, and written histories, are compiled into a comprehensive database. Digital Mapping and Virtual Exploration Advanced technologies such as 3D scanning and geographic information systems (GIS) are used to create detailed maps and virtual models of Spain’s castles and palaces. These digital tools provide a new way to explore and study these landmarks, making them accessible to researchers and the public alike. Restoration Journeys ICAPS organizes restoration journeys where volunteers, students, and professionals work together to restore and preserve specific sites. These hands-on experiences foster a deeper appreciation for the challenges and rewards of heritage conservation. Cultural Events and Festivals The initiative supports cultural events that celebrate the history and artistry of Spain’s castles and palaces. Music concerts, historical reenactments, and art exhibitions bring these spaces to life, attracting diverse audiences. International Collaboration Recognizing the universal value of cultural heritage, the initiative fosters collaboration with international organizations, universities, and heritage networks. By sharing knowledge and resources, ICAPS ensures that Spain’s castles and palaces are part of a global dialogue on heritage preservation. Challenges and Opportunities While the Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative  holds immense promise, it also faces challenges that require innovative solutions: Financial Constraints Preservation and restoration projects can be costly, especially for large or severely damaged structures. Partnerships with private sponsors, grants, and government support are crucial to overcoming these financial barriers. Balancing Tourism and Conservation Increased tourism can strain these historic sites, leading to wear and tear. The initiative promotes sustainable tourism practices that balance visitor access with the need to protect these landmarks. Climate Change Rising temperatures, extreme weather, and other effects of climate change pose significant risks to Spain’s castles and palaces. Adaptive conservation strategies, such as climate monitoring and resilient materials, are essential for mitigating these risks. Despite these challenges, the initiative offers numerous opportunities to create lasting impact. By leveraging technology, engaging communities, and fostering international partnerships, the project ensures that Spain’s castles and palaces remain vibrant and relevant in a changing world. A Legacy for the Future The Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative  is more than a preservation effort; it is a celebration of Spain’s cultural heritage and an investment in its future. By documenting, restoring, and promoting these iconic landmarks, ICAPS ensures that their stories continue to inspire and educate. This project also serves as a model for heritage preservation worldwide, demonstrating how history, architecture, and culture can unite people across borders. Conclusion: Inspiring Generations Spain’s castles and palaces are not just architectural wonders; they are symbols of resilience, creativity, and human achievement. The Spanish Castles and Palaces Initiative  honours this legacy by preserving these treasures and sharing their stories with the world. Through conservation, education, and engagement, the project inspires a deeper connection to the past while fostering a sense of responsibility for the future. By participating in this initiative, whether as a visitor, volunteer, or supporter, individuals can play a part in safeguarding Spain’s monumental legacy. Together, we can ensure that the majesty of Spain’s castles and palaces endures, enriching the lives of generations to come.   Publication and dissemination of this article, including translations, require prior written consent. Don't hesitate to get in touch with  contacts@icaps.site

Castles and Palaces Database Mapping the Past, Preserving the Future The Castles and Palaces Database  is a pioneering initiative by the International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS) aimed at creating a comprehensive, interactive digital platform that documents and celebrates the world’s most iconic architectural landmarks. Castles and palaces, with their timeless grandeur and historical significance, stand as enduring symbols of cultural identity and human achievement. This ambitious project seeks to bring together detailed historical data, architectural insights, and information on conservation statuses, making these treasures accessible to historians, architects, heritage enthusiasts, and the global public. By preserving and promoting these monumental structures, the database ensures that their stories and significance resonate with future generations. The Vision: Mapping the Past The Castles and Palaces Database aims to map and document castles and palaces worldwide, creating a unified repository of knowledge that transcends geographical and cultural boundaries. At its core, this initiative is driven by the belief that understanding the past is essential for shaping the future. Castles and palaces serve as portals to history, offering glimpses into the societies, economies, and artistic movements of their times. By capturing this rich tapestry of human experience, the database helps us connect with our shared heritage and fosters a deeper appreciation for the diversity of architectural styles and cultural traditions. Comprehensive Documentation and Accessibility The database will feature an extensive range of information about each castle and palace, including: Historical Data Detailed histories of each site, from their origins to their evolution over time. The roles these landmarks have played in shaping political, cultural, and social landscapes. Stories of the people and events that have defined their legacies. Architectural Insights In-depth analysis of architectural styles, techniques, and materials. Comparisons across regions and periods to highlight the diversity and evolution of design. Information on renovations, adaptations, and changes made over centuries. Conservation Status Current conditions and preservation efforts for each landmark. Challenges and opportunities for maintaining structural integrity and historical authenticity. Success stories of restored castles and palaces that serve as models for future projects. Interactive Features Virtual tours and 3D reconstructions to bring these landmarks to life. A user-friendly interface allows visitors to explore by region, architectural style, or historical era. Integration with modern technologies, such as augmented reality (AR), to provide immersive learning experiences. Fostering Global Collaboration The success of the Castles and Palaces Database lies in its collaborative approach. ICAPS envisions partnerships with governments, heritage organizations, academic institutions, and private stakeholders to compile and maintain this invaluable resource. By pooling expertise and resources, the database will offer unparalleled insights into the world’s castles and palaces. Expert Contributions Historians, architects, and conservationists will contribute their knowledge, ensuring the database’s accuracy and depth. Local communities and custodians of castles and palaces will provide unique perspectives and firsthand information. Cross-Border Cooperation By connecting regions and cultures, the database will highlight shared challenges and opportunities for heritage preservation. Collaborative initiatives, such as workshops, seminars, and restoration projects, will be facilitated through the platform. Public Engagement The database will serve as an educational tool, inspiring people to learn about and engage with their heritage. Crowdsourcing features will allow individuals to contribute photos, stories, and updates, fostering a sense of ownership and involvement. Driving Awareness and Advocacy In addition to being a repository of knowledge, the Castles and Palaces Database aims to be a catalyst for heritage advocacy. By raising awareness about the significance and vulnerability of castles and palaces, the initiative seeks to inspire action and investment in their preservation. Key advocacy goals include: Highlighting Conservation Challenges Many castles and palaces face threats from neglect, urbanization, climate change, and insufficient funding. The database will shine a light on these challenges, encouraging stakeholders to prioritize heritage preservation. Showcasing Success Stories Case studies of successful restoration and adaptive reuse projects will serve as inspiration and guidance for similar efforts. These stories will demonstrate the economic, cultural, and educational value of investing in heritage. Promoting Sustainable Practices The database will emphasize the importance of environmentally friendly restoration and maintenance techniques. By advocating for sustainable practices, ICAPS aims to ensure that castles and palaces can coexist harmoniously with nature. Connecting Generations and Cultures One of the most compelling aspects of the Castles and Palaces Database is its potential to connect people across generations and cultures. These landmarks, often associated with the histories of specific nations or regions, are part of a shared global heritage. By presenting castles and palaces as universal symbols of human creativity and resilience, the database fosters a sense of unity and collective pride. Engaging Young Audiences Interactive features, such as virtual reality (VR) tours and gamified learning experiences, will appeal to younger audiences, making history accessible and exciting. Educational resources for schools and universities will help integrate heritage studies into curricula. Celebrating Cultural Diversity The database will highlight the unique architectural styles, artistic traditions, and cultural contexts of each landmark. By showcasing this diversity, it promotes mutual respect and understanding among different cultures. Encouraging Lifelong Learning The platform will serve as a resource for lifelong learners, offering opportunities to explore and deepen their knowledge at their own pace. Special programs, such as webinars and online courses, will be developed in collaboration with experts. A Legacy for the Future The ultimate goal of the Castles and Palaces Database is to create a lasting legacy—a resource that not only preserves the past but also shapes the future. By documenting and promoting the world’s castles and palaces, ICAPS ensures that these landmarks remain vibrant and relevant in an ever-changing world. This project embodies the belief that heritage is not just about preserving physical structures but also about preserving the values, stories, and creativity they represent. Conclusion: Preserving the Spirit of Humanity The Castles and Palaces Database is more than a digital platform; it is a testament to the enduring power of heritage to inspire, connect, and transform. By mapping the past, it provides a roadmap for preserving the future, ensuring that castles and palaces continue to captivate and educate generations to come. As ICAPS moves forward with this initiative, the organization invites the global community to join in this effort. Whether as contributors, advocates, or users, everyone has a role to play in safeguarding these monumental landmarks. Together, we can ensure that the spirit of castles and palaces endures, shining as beacons of human ingenuity and resilience for centuries to come.   Publication and dissemination of this article, including translations, require prior written consent. Don't hesitate to get in touch with  contacts@icaps.site

The International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS) is a distinguished institute devoted to celebrating and preserving the cultural arts of castles and palaces worldwide , ensuring their timeless legacy continues to inspire and captivate generations to come. Enchanting Elegance Preserving Legends, Inspiring Generations The International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS) stands as a beacon of hope and action in the preservation and celebration of some of the world’s most iconic and culturally significant architectural wonders. Castles and palaces have long been symbols of power, history, and artistry, embodying the heritage of nations and the narratives of generations past. Yet, these treasures face challenges that threaten their survival, from environmental degradation to neglect. ICAPS was established to confront these issues and ensure these landmarks continue to inspire, educate, and captivate future generations. The Mission of ICAPS: Preserving Cultural Richness At its core, ICAPS seeks to raise global awareness about the importance of heritage conservation and sustainable development. Through a dedicated focus on castles and palaces, the organization highlights their artistic and cultural significance as symbols of human achievement and resilience. These sites are more than historical monuments; they are living embodiments of the creativity, craftsmanship, and vision of their creators, holding stories that connect the past to the present. ICAPS’ mission encompasses two main goals: preserving the physical integrity of these structures and cultivating a deeper appreciation for their historical, cultural, and artistic values. The organization emphasizes the idea that safeguarding these treasures is not solely about restoration but also about fostering a sense of responsibility among communities and stakeholders. Through education and outreach, ICAPS aims to inspire a global commitment to protecting humanity’s shared heritage. ICAPS Research: Advancing Knowledge and Innovation A cornerstone of ICAPS’ work is its robust research initiatives. ICAPS Research  delves into critical areas such as architectural evolution, sustainable restoration, and the broader cultural impact of castles and palaces. This research is designed to address pressing questions about how to balance historical preservation with modern needs, ensuring that these sites remain relevant in an ever-changing world. Architectural Evolution ICAPS explores the history and progression of castle and palace architecture, examining how these structures have adapted over centuries. By studying their design, materials, and construction techniques, researchers gain insights into the ingenuity of past civilizations. This knowledge not only enriches our understanding of history but also informs modern conservation practices, enabling restorers to honour the original craftsmanship while using contemporary methods. Sustainable Restoration A key focus of ICAPS Research is developing and implementing eco-friendly restoration techniques. As climate change poses increasing threats to heritage sites, ICAPS works to minimize the ecological footprint of restoration projects. From using renewable energy sources during construction to employing materials that are both sustainable and historically accurate, ICAPS aims to set a standard for green conservation. Cultural Impact Beyond their architectural and artistic value, castles and palaces serve as cultural symbols that shape identity and community. ICAPS investigates how these landmarks influence the societies around them, fostering a sense of pride, unity, and belonging. By understanding their cultural impact, the organization promotes heritage preservation as a vital component of societal development. Through collaborations with leading historians, architects, archaeologists, and environmental scientists, ICAPS advances cutting-edge research that bridges disciplines. These partnerships ensure that the organization remains at the forefront of innovation in heritage conservation. ICAPS Projects: Transforming Vision into Action Complementing its research endeavours, ICAPS Projects  translates knowledge into tangible outcomes. This program spearheads initiatives that restore, revitalize, and celebrate castles and palaces worldwide. Each project is designed to address the unique challenges faced by individual sites while fostering a broader culture of heritage appreciation and engagement. Restoration Journeys ICAPS leads comprehensive restoration efforts that breathe new life into castles and palaces while respecting their historical authenticity. These projects often involve meticulous craftsmanship, as restorers repair damaged structures, recreate lost details, and stabilize foundations. By incorporating sustainable practices, such as renewable energy systems and eco-friendly materials, ICAPS ensures that these sites can endure for generations to come. Community Engagement A central tenet of ICAPS Projects is empowering local communities. The organization recognizes that heritage sites are deeply intertwined with the lives and identities of those who live near them. By involving community members in preservation efforts, ICAPS fosters a sense of ownership and pride. Workshops, training programs, and public events are organized to educate residents about the value of their local heritage and provide them with the tools to protect it. Cultural Exchanges ICAPS facilitates cultural exchange programs that connect people from different backgrounds through a shared appreciation for castles and palaces. These initiatives include international conferences, art exhibitions, and educational tours, creating opportunities for dialogue and collaboration. By showcasing the universal appeal of these landmarks, ICAPS builds bridges between cultures and highlights the common threads that unite humanity. A Timeless Legacy for an Ever-Changing World ICAPS’ work extends beyond physical preservation; it is about ensuring that castles and palaces remain relevant and meaningful in contemporary society. In an age of rapid globalization and urbanization, these landmarks serve as reminders of our shared history and cultural diversity. They inspire creativity, spark curiosity, and provide a sense of continuity in a fast-changing world. By engaging the public and collaborating with stakeholders, ICAPS promotes a holistic approach to heritage preservation. Governments, private organizations, and local communities all play vital roles in this endeavour. ICAPS serves as a bridge, uniting these diverse groups under a common goal: to honour the past while building a sustainable future. Looking Ahead: Inspiring Generations As ICAPS continues to expand its reach and impact, the organization remains steadfast in its commitment to preserving the world’s castles and palaces. Each project, whether a small-scale restoration or a large international collaboration, contributes to a broader vision of cultural resilience and sustainability. Through its efforts, ICAPS not only safeguards these historical treasures but also nurtures a global community of heritage advocates. By raising awareness, fostering collaboration, and implementing innovative solutions, ICAPS ensures that the enchanting elegance of castles and palaces will continue to inspire and captivate for generations to come. In a world that often prioritizes progress over preservation, ICAPS serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of honouring our roots. The enduring beauty and significance of castles and palaces reflect the best of human achievement, offering a legacy that is well worth protecting. With ICAPS at the forefront, this legacy is poised to thrive, inspiring future generations to cherish and safeguard humanity’s shared heritage. Guardians of Time Honouring the Legacy of Castles and Palaces Shelley Tsang  founded the International Castles and Palaces Society (ICAPS) in 2018, to honour her heritage and address the urgent need to preserve cultural treasures worldwide. Growing up near Zhongnanhai and the Forbidden City, the heart of China’s political and cultural legacy, Shelley gained a deep respect for history’s role in shaping identity and community. Her childhood in Beijing’s historic siheyuan courtyard houses further nurtured her appreciation for the connection between architecture and the human spirit. At 20, Shelley embarked on a transformative grand tour across Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, exploring castles and palaces of diverse beauty and significance. From France’s opulent estates to Spain’s medieval fortresses and Silk Road ruins, she witnessed the shared challenges these landmarks face, inspiring her vision for a global initiative. ICAPS champions interdisciplinary, borderless research, bridging history, architecture, sustainability, and education. By fostering collaboration, ICAPS ensures these landmarks endure as cultural symbols, inspiring future generations to cherish humanity’s shared heritage. Publication and dissemination of this article, including translations, require prior written consent. Don't hesitate to get in touch with  contacts@icaps.site

The Zeng's Grand Ancestral Hall was built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1405), at the same period as the construction of the Beijing Forbidden City. Zeng Shoulun was the royal teacher for the Yongle Emperor, and he served as a high official in the Imperial Court. After Zeng Shoulun's retirement, the Yongle Emperor approved to use National Treasury to build Zeng's Grand Ancestral Hall.

Since the Zeng clan left the Court, the Zeng became one of the most important families doing international import and export in Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. Quanzhou was the starting point of China's Maritime Silk Road. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Quanzhou was hailed as the "world's largest port" by the medieval traveller Marco Polo. Later, Zhangzhou became the major port for trading with Portugal and Spain in the 16th and 17th centuries.

When Mengzi's status rose under the influence of the Neo-Confucians during the early Song period (960-1279), Zengzi also became one of the highest sages in Confucianism. Emperor Huizong of the Song (r. 1100-1125) bestowed on Zengzi the title of Marquis Wucheng, and Emperor Duzong of the Song (r. 1264-1274) bestowed on him as Duke of Cheng.

Khoengiok Tjan (Shelley’s grandfather) was devoted to expanding the family business after his graduation from Fudan University in Shanghai. Other than helping with the family rice mills business, he also developed his steel, powerboats, and aircraft business in Asia. He was also the patented inventor of Vertical Landing and Take-Off aircraft. In the 1930s, he interacted with Henry Ford, the founder of Ford Motor, on the future of engine and aero-industry development.

The Zeng clan was famous for its good reputation as "One Clan, Four Prime Ministers." The Zeng Ancestral Hall showcases the calligraphies bestowed by emperors for the appointment of four important Prime Ministers at different times during the Song Dynasty from 960 to 1270. The Zeng Ancestral Hall was established over a thousand years ago and still serves as the clan's connection today.

The family investment in the industrialisation of rice mills has been a great success and developed into the largest rice mills group in Indonesia. The family later monopolized the development of the modern Indonesian rice mills industry and ranked as one of the richest families in Indonesia in the 1950s. The booming family business also led to the new development of its integrated businesses including rubber, logging, shipbuilding, and manufacturing.